Spraying with YARICA
The maize plants were sprayed with YARICA after being treated with mineral fertilizers introduced into the soil. Soil feeding with ammonium nitrate was carried out when the maize had 2-3 true leaves. The plants were sprayed with YARICA when they had 5-7 true leaves. At the time, the maize plants were as tall as 45 cm on average. YARICA had a positive effect on the height of the maize plants, especially in the area where the soil wasn’t previously treated with ammonium nitrate. After the period of 21 days, the height of the maize plants was as follows: 134.7 cm (YARICA dosage 10 l/ha) and 135.7 cm (YARICA dosage 20 l/ha); the height of the control plants was 27 cm.
Before harvesting, maize height measurements were also carried out. In the area where the maize plants were sprayed with YARICA at a dosage of 10 l/ha, the maize plants grew to the height of 247.5 cm; in the area where the maize plants were sprayed with YARICA at a dosage of 20 l/ha, the plants were 251 cm tall; the height of the control plants was 233.7 cm. Thus, the total increase in maize heights ranged from 13.8 to 17.3 cm.
There was also an increase in maize yields by 11.8% (with the combined use of YARICA at a dosage of 20 l/ha and ammonium nitrate at a dosage of 100 kg/ha). The yields amounted to 5.2-6.0 (55.9-56.7) q/ha; the yield in the control plants amounted to 50.7 q/ha).
In the control plants, the number of cob grains totaled to 408; the plants sprayed with YARICA at a dosage of 20 l/ha had 430 grains; the plants treated with ammonium nitrate at a dosage of 100 kg/ha and then sprayed with YARICA at a dosage of 10 l/ha had 447 grains; the plants treated with ammonium nitrate at a dosage of 100 kg/ha and then sprayed with YARICA at a dosage of 20 l\ha had 452 grains.
Applying YARICA to the Soil
When YARICA (5 t/ha) was introduced into the soil layer of 0-30 cm, the soil porosity improved; the soil quality also improved and could be then rated as “excellent” while in other cases its quality remained the same as in the control soil test.
The application of YARICA at a dosage of 15t/ha contributed not only to the reduction of the pathogenic/saprophytic group of microorganisms, i.e. Fusarium spp. and Mucor spp., but to the accumulation of a suppressive group of micromycetes – Penicillium spp., which was not the case in the tests.
The application of YARICA at a dosage of 5 t/ha helped increase the yield of maize grains by 4.7 q/ha.
When YARICA together with Scarlet fungicide was applied to treat maize seeds, seed germination energy turned higher (a) by 44.8-90.1% compared to the test when the seeds were treated with Scarlet fungicide alone; (b) by 74.8-130% compared to the control test when the seeds were treated neither with YARICA nor with Scarlet fungicide.
When the maize seeds (hybrid Krasnodarskiy) were treated with YARICA at a dosage of 0.4 l/t (4% solution), the seed infestation by Fusarium spp. decreased from 1.7% (the control test) to 1.3%, and to 1 % when the seeds were treated with YARICA at a dosage of 1.2 l/t (12 % solution).
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